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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

v E. K. WES-T.

- GRATE. No. 554,471. Patented Feb. 11, 1896.

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WITNESSES: INVENTOR wahm M ail/w v BY ATTORNEYS.

ANDREW B GRAHAM.PHOTOMYHQWASHINGTOMD C.

Ni-TED STATES PATENT FFICE.

EPHRAIM K. WEST, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE J. F.

PEASE FURNACE COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

GRATE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 554,471, dated February 11, 1896.

Application filed May 7, 1894. Serial No. 510,333. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EPHRAIM K. WEST, of Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga, in the the State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Grates, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in grates, particularly applicable for use with furnaces, heaters, 850., and has for its object the production of a simple device which is highly durable and efficient in use; and to this end it consists, essentially, in the general construction and arrangement of its parts, all as hereinafter more particularly described, and pointed out in the claims.

In describing this invention reference is had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which like letters indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figures 1 and 2 are, respectively, top and inverted plan views of my improved grate, shown as operatively secured to the inclosing walls of an ash-chamber. Fig. 3 is an end view of the parts as illustrated at Fig. 1. Fig. 4: is a transverse vertical sectional view taken on line t 4, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of one of the detached gratebars, taken on line 5 5, Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a transverse vertical sectional view taken on line 6 6, Fig. 5 and Figs. 7 and 8 are detail vertical sectional views taken respectively on lines 7 7, 8 8, Fig. 2.

A represents the ash-chamber of a furnace or heater with which my invention is intended for use, and, as is evident, this chamber may be of any desirable form, size, and construction. As here illustrated, it consists of a curved rear wall, a, opposite inclined side walls, a a, a front wall, a formed with a suitable aperture a anda top wall, a, provided with an aperture (0 The aperture or opening a is closed by any desirable construction of door, not necessary to herein illustrate or describe, and the superimposed parts of the furnace or heater are supported above the top wall, a, and inclose a combustion-chamber aligned with the aperture a which becomes the inlet for air and the outlet for ashes, clinkers, coals, &c.

My improved grate B is preferably supported within the chamber A, and its upper face is arranged beneath the top wall, d of said chamber and is formed of slightly less diameter than the aperture a so as to be readily passed therethrough. The grate B consists preferably of a frame I) and gratebars 19 secured thereto. The frame b is sub stantially cylindrical with the exception of its forward portion 12 which is formed of less width than the aperture a and is extended slightly beyond said aperture and formed with a front edge b arranged at substantially right angles to the lengthwise plane of the grate.

The grate-bars b are each preferably formed with a longitudinal internal chamber 19 having inlet and outlet openings for permitting a circulation of air therethrough. The opposite ends of each grate-bar are provided with trunnions b 1), formed of less cross-sectional area than the grate-bar and mounted in journalopenings extending through rear and front portions of the frame I). The trunnions b b" of each grate-bar are preferably formed hollow by longitudinal passages therein leading from the chamber 1), and their outer extremities. are open, as clearly seen at Fig. 5. The passages of the rear trunnions b are of greater diameter than the passages of the opposite trunnions, and said rear trunnions extend in proximity to the rear faces of the adjacent portions of the grate -frame. The front trunnions b are of considerably-greater length than the trunnions b and extend beyond the front face of the portion of the frame in which they are journaled.

My particular construction of grate-bar tends to equally distribute the air throughout the combustion-chamber, since the openings in the journals next to the admission of air to the ash-chamber are comparatively small and obstruct the course of the air therethrough,thus causing a great amount of the air to pass through the grate, either through the vertical perforations or through the openings in the rear journals.

In order to facilitate ready assemblage and removal of the grate-bars the front portion of the frame b is provided with a removable cap 6 of any desirable form, size, and construction. A bar or spindle B, which, if desired, may be formed hollow, is fixed to one of the trunnions Z) for revolving the same, and gears b mounted upon said trunnions operate to revolve the grate bars sin1ultaneously as the bar or spindle B is revolved.

As clearly seen at Figs. 3 and 6, the gratebars are each formed with substantially rect angularly-arranged walls L b formed with perforations b therethrough opening from the chambers b for conducting the air through the grate-bars into the combustion-chamber above the same, and thereby accelerating the combustion of the materials supported upon the grate. The opposite edges. of the walls I) are chamfered or beveled and are formed with diagonally-arranged separated projections I) having the extremities of their side faces inclined toward each other and extending at substantially right angles to the beveled surfaces of said edges for agitating the ashes, elinkers, and coals above the grate, and preventing undue passage of the combustibles between the grate-bars.

The grate B is preferably pivoted and provided with suitable pivotal pins or trunnions O C, and in order to facilitate its ready passage through the aperture a these pivotal pins or trunnions are removably secured thereto. Their outer ends are mounted in lugs A, projecting from opposite portions of the upright inclosing wall of the chamber A, and provided with slots extending downwardly from their upper faces. The inner extremities of the pivotal pins or trunnions are provided with dovetail portions or wedges c, which decrease in width from their lower ends upwardly, and are rem ovably mounted in correspondingly-formed guides or grooves B in opposite faces of the grate-frame 1), extending outwardly from its bottom face.

The free end of the bar or spindle B is passed through a slot B in a supportingbracket B secured to the under face of the wall a, and is held in said position by supporting-levers D D. One extremity of the lever D is pivoted at (Z to the bracket B and its intermediate portion is engaged with the adjacent extremity of the bar or spindle B. The leverD is pivoted at cl to the bracket B and is formed with a shoulder (1 engaged with the free endof the lever D for holding the same in its operative position. hen the lever D is forced from its normal position, the lever D is free to swing downwardly on its pivot d, and the free end of the bar or spindle B is then free to swing downwardly and thereby permit the grate to rock on its pivotal pins or trunnions O O for dumping or withdrawing the combustibles or other materials supported upon the grate. It is evident, however, that the outer end of the spindle B maybe mounted 1n rigld bearmgs instead of being free to move downwardly, and that other forms of supporting means may be used for permit-ting said movement of the spindle when desired, and holding the same in its normal position.

Upon reference to the foregoing description and the accompanying drawings it is obvious that the air circulates freely through the grate bars, thereby preventing their warping and adding to their efficiency and length of life; that the air readily passes through the gratebars into the body of coals above the same for accelerating their combustion, and that the grate operates effectively to remove ashes, clinkers, &c., is readily rocked on its pivots, when desired, and is passed at will through the aperture in the upper wall of the ashchamber for removing or replacing the grate.

It is evident that. the detail construction and arrangement of the parts of my grate may be considerably varied without departing from the spirit of my invention, and consequently I do not herein limit myself to such exact detail construction and arrangement.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and'desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. As a new article of manufacture, the herein-described grate-bar 1) formed with a longitudinal chamber 1) and having perforations 1) through its walls to the exterior thereof, and front and rear trunnions projecting from opposite ends of said bar and formed with longitudinal passages leading from said chamber outward through the trunnions, the passage through the rear trunnion b being of greater diameter than that through the front trunnion 11 as and for the purpose herein set forth.

2. As a new article of manufacture, the herein-described hollow grate -bar having trunnions projecting from its opposite ends and formed with longitudinal passages leading from the chamber in the interior of said bar outward, the passage in the rear trunnion being of greater diameter and of less length than that in the front trunnion; combined with draft-openings communicating with the outer ends of all said passages, as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination of an ashchamber formed with upright walls having their inner faces provided with projecting lugs formed with slots extending downwardly from their upper faces, and a top wall having an aperture therethrough, grate-bars, a grate-frame for supporting the bars formed of less width than the diameter of said aperture and arranged beneath the top wall, said frame being movable through the aperture and having opposite portions of its side faces provided with dovetail guides extending upwardly from its lower face and decreasing in width from their lower ends upwardly, and pivotal pins or trunnions having their outer ends formed substantially cylindrical and mounted in the slots in said lugs and their inner ends provided with dovetail portions or wedges decreasing in width from their lower ends upwardly and the same in position, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name, in the presence of two attesting Witnesses, at Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga, in the State of New York, this 26th day of April, 1894.

EPHRAIM K. VEST.

WVitnesses:

CLARK H. NORTON, E. A. WEISBURG. 

